There are 10 chains in a furlong, and 80 chains in one statute mile. Chain surveying definition, details, procedure civil. They will be more aware to obstacles in chaining and ranging and will learn to overcome the difficulties in chaining and ranging. This is most suitable adapted to small plane areas with very few details. It presents the various methods of surveying and the underlying concepts of surveying, including modern and advanced surveying techniques and instruments such as total station. Lecturer, senior technical assistant department of mining engineering, indian school of mines, dhanbad 826004 abstract although surveying techniques have always played a primary role in. Traversing with the chain and tapeneedle traversessurveyors compass.
Surveying i list of practical minimum 15 practical should be performed out of the following 1 measurement of distance by ranging and chaining. The chain is composed of 100 or 150 pieces of galvanized mild steel wire, 4mm in diameter called links. Surveying ae aee ace academy handwritten notes pdf free download for assistant engineer and assistant executive engineer government posts exams. Overview of plane surveying chain, compass and plane table, objectives, principles, and classifications. Their types and uses are discussed in this article. For less precise works chain is used whereas, for more accurate and precise work other types of surveys are used. Pdf chain surveying is the branch of surveying in which only linear measurements are made in the field. Aug 03, 2018 instruments used for chain surveying the typical dimensions for wooden pegs are 25 mm x 25 mm in cross section and 150 mm long with nail at the top. Surveyors chain, also called gunters chain, measuring device and arbitrary measurement unit still widely used for surveying in englishspeaking countries. This volume is one of the two which offer a comprehensive course in those parts of theory and practice of plane and geodetic surveying that are most commonly used by civil engineers. Demonstration of chain surveying related to field work and office work. In a colonial survey most of these manual assistants are natives. During measurements, it is impossible to set out all the chain lines in a. Chain survey method for performing chain surveying how to.
Instruments used for chain surveying the typical dimensions for wooden pegs are 25 mm x 25 mm in cross section and 150 mm long with nail at the top. It is a basic course for all universities for civil engineers. Surveying equipment 1 surveying equipment 2 measuring distance. The following is an example of a simple chain survey, and fig. Surveyors chain, measuring device and arbitrary measurement unit still widely used for surveying in englishspeaking countries. Problems in ranging and chaining of a line chain surveying. In chain surveying, the positions of main stations and directions of main survey lines and check lines. Pole surveying prism surveying corner cube retroreflector prismatic compass angle measurement ramsden surveying instruments. Chain surveying it is the simplest and oldest form of land surveying of an area using linear measurements only. Offsets to corner points b, c, e and f are now laid from the chain line ad either by tape or crossstaff and their foot of offsets are g, i, j, h respectively. It derives its name from the fact that the principle equipment commonly used is the chain.
Instruments used in chain survey chain, 20m or 30m long tape arrows ranging rods wooden or iron pegs plumb bob cross staff chain used for surveying 20m chain 100 links 30m chain 150 links 1 links 20cm links of chain are made by mild steel wire 4mm diameter. List the different cumulative errors in chain surveying. The elements of surveying and geodesy survivor library. Seco premier prisms feature 115mm tilting axes, 62mm copper or silvercoated prism cannisters, anodized aluminum yokes, with targets. Punmia, ashok kumar jain, arun kumar jain surveying vol. Each topic introduced is thoroughly described, the theory is rigorously developed, and a large number.
Surveyors chain the early surveyors chain used the english length of 66 feet. Viewer has to keep in mind that this video only shows the basics of chain surveying. If carefully done, it gives quite accurate results. Related with water bodies like low water level, high flood level etc. Chain survey surveying is a very old method of surveying. Chains or tapes are used to measure distances on the field. Study of various instruments used in chain surveying and their uses instruments. This list may not reflect recent changes learn more.
Amongst the various methods of surveying, the commonly used method is called chain surveying. Modern surveying instruments and their uses in civil. Sep 11, 2018 ce8351 question bank surveying ce8351 question bank surveying regulation 2017 anna university free download. Pdf ce6304 surveying i books, lecture notes, 2marks with. Instruments should only be checked under favorable conditions. Linear measurement different methods of direct measurement instrument for. Surveying multiple choice questions and answers pdf free download for freshers civil engineering students. Let ab be the chain line and c a point on it at which it is desired to erect a perpendicular fig. Chain surveying ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. Types of chains used in surveying, their parts, testing.
Metric chains are the most commonly used chain in india. In this survey only measurements are taken in the field, and the rest work, such as plotting calculation etc. It can be defined as the process of taking direct measurement, although not. Pin zero end of the tape at c and 80th unit at e, the remaining portion of the tape hanging free. The student is recommended to plot this himself to a scale of 1 or 2 chains to 1 inch. Ppt surveying equipment powerpoint presentation free to. Compass surveying principles use of prismatic compass, measurement of.
The necessary requirements for field work are chain, tape, ranging rod, arrows. We hope students all over the world will find it helpful. Ce8351 question bank surveying regulation 2017 anna university. While 66 feet seems unusual, it was used to keep the early chains from being too long and. In this method thelengths of lines marked on the field are measured, while the details are measured byoffsets and ties from these lines. Tallies are provided at every 2m of the chain for quick reading. When the plumb bob is hanging free and not moving, the cord is vertical. Surveying equipment and surveying instruments seco. Types of chains used in surveying, their parts, testing and.
Basic surveying manual michigan technological university. By extension, chainage running distance is the distance along a curved or straight survey line from a fixed commencing point, as given by an odometer. The trimax is the only surveying grade tripod with certified accuracy. Ce 104 practical surveying sessional lab manual ahsanullah. In this training manual, we will discuss primarily the methods used in plane surveying rather than those. Pages in category surveying instruments the following 46 pages are in this category, out of 46 total. The historical method for measuring distance is the surveying chain. These types of chains comes in many lengths such as 5, 10, 20 and 30 meters. Instruments used in chain survey chain used for surveying. Draw at a reduced scale a onefoot section of an engineers chain, labeling the foot marks and the tenth marks on the chain. This article includes the definition of chain survey along with all detailed information with necessary images about various aspects of chain surveying.
Surveying is a very important part of civil engineering. On the chain length you drew, mark the following with an arrow. Surveying is an art of determining the relative positions of various points on, above or below the surface of the earth by means of direct or indirect measurement of distance, direction and elevation. Nov 08, 2017 chain surveying it is the simplest and oldest form of land surveying of an area using linear measurements only. Ranging poles and rods are used to make measurements along a straight line. Surveying it is the technique, profession, and science of accurately determining the terrestrial or threedimensional position of points and the distances and angles between. The first volume covers in 24 chapters, the most common surveying operations.
What are the instruments required for a chain survey. Compass surveying principles use of prismatic compass, measurement of bearings, conversion of bearings, local attraction, correction of. Chain tape surveying is the simplest form of detail surveying. Chain or tape, arrows, pegs, ranging rods, offset rods, laths or whites, plumb bob, cross staff and mallet. This comprehensive textbook on surveying covers, in a single volume, all the topics prescribed at the undergraduate level in civil engineering in india. Download link is provided and students can download the anna university ce6304 surveying i syllabus question bank lecture notes syllabus part a 2 marks with answers part b 16 marks question bank with answer, all the materials are listed below for the students to make use of it and score good maximum marks with our study materials. The main article for this category is surveying instrument. Chain survey free download as powerpoint presentation. Invented by the english mathematician edmund gunter in the early 17th century, gunters chain is exactly 22 yards about 20 m long and divided into 100 links. It is carried out to the features such as hills, rivers, forests and man made features like villages, buildings, transmission lines and roads. Chain surveysurveying is a very old method of surveying. In this case ad is the longest and a chain line running from a to d is laid. Chain survey surveying map free 30day trial scribd.
In conventional surveying, chain and tape are used for making linear measurements while compass and ordinary theodolites are used for making angular measurements. Principle of chain surveying, advantages and disadvantages of chain surveying advantages. Trimax tripods are highly recommended for all servo driven and robotic total stations, 3d laser scanners or construction lasers. Here in we have gathered some pdf lectures on surveying. The gunters chain was a series of links attached to a handle which included an adjustment for wear. Instruments used in chain surveying iamcivilengineer. What is chain surveying part 1 ssc je preparation 2018. Bahuguna, dheeraj kumar, sunil kumar associate professor, sr. The chain is a unit of length equal to 66 feet 22 yards. In chain survey, only measurements are taken in the field, and the rest work, such as.
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